Sensitivity Analysis on Locations of Energy Storage in Power Systems with Wind Integration

Abstract—Abstract The penetration of renewable energy sources, particularly wind energy, into power systems has been rapidly increasing in recent years. However, the integration of wind power has posed many challenges for power system operation.For instance, this type of energy source is relatively variable and
unpredictable. The installation of this renewable source mightrequire the grid to transmit power at full capacity and some transmission lines could become congested. As a result, in some operating conditions, wind power could be curtailed, which will drive up costs for system operators. One of the actions that can be taken to support the integration of wind is using Energy Storage Systems (ESSs). In this paper, a multi-period AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem with Battery Energy Storages (BESs) is formulated and sets of candidate buses for BES installation are
identified based on an economic criterion. Tests are carried out on IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems to assess the robustness of storage location on system operation.Index Terms—Energy Storage Systems (ESSs), curtailed wind,LMPs, location, multi-period, optimal power flow (OPF), production cost, sensitivity, wind integration..